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International NGO Established in 1989 Supported by UNFPA and the Kobe City Government |
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 Dr. Gayl D. Ness Study General Director IAC member Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan, USA
Introduction From this definition, PHC stands on three pillars: community participation, intersectoral collaboration, and equity. New ideas for reproductive health care emerged from the 1994 Cairo UN Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). The third in a series of decadal population conferences, the Cairo world plan of action differed considerably from those of the past by placing women at the center of concern. As one set of observers put it, Cairo  .
Integrating these two new approaches, the AUICK in-depth study attempted to learn how governments and urban administrators reacted to the new global consensus on health care. It aimed to discover what health aims urban government established and what kind of systems they had developed to achieve these aims and what problems they faced. As a general guideline, the AUICK IAC developed a conceptual model of a Reproductive and Primary Health Care System, which would raise a series of interlinked questions. These begin with issues of political and administrative capacities, where basic decisions of resource allocation and implementation powers lie, and lead through a series of questions about policy formation, community organization, and program structures and actions, leading to the health outcomes that can be observed in an urban setting. The general model developed by the IAC is shown here. A full paper on the background and research design, with detailed about this model, is available on the AUICK website. Local teams of social scientists and urban administrators adapted this general design to their own urban RPHC systems and produced studies that are summarized in the three articles that follow.  |