Ms. Chamidha
Head of Division, Recovery and Improving Environment Quality,
Environmental Protection Agency of Surabaya City, Indonesia

1. The City

Surabaya City has a population of approximately 2.9 million, and is located on the northern shore of Java, 674 kilometers east of Jakarta.

Infrastructural sanitation services of Surabaya City suffer from scarce budgeting and human resources. The current existing wastewater management is usually a mixed system of central and individual wastewater treatment, which is wastewater from household toilets filling septic tanks. When full, the waste is taken by fecal drainage vehicle and finally taken to a fecal wastewater treatment site, but some household waste is taken directly through drainage to the river. The wastewater from bathrooms, washing, and kitchens is taken directly to drainage.

Many efforts have already been made to handle wastewater in Surabaya City. A ‘Surabaya Sewerage Development Program Masterplan’ was made, but its Pilot Project (SDDP) was difficult to implement, and the plan was not implemented in sub-districts. There were various problems such as the construction cost.

The Environment Protection Agency already had a Wastewater Treatment Plan for hospitals, restaurants, apartments and hotels. A permit from the Environment Protection Agency of Surabaya City is necessary, which means that every business activity producing wastewater has to use the Wastewater Treatment Plan.

In the future, the Surabaya City Government will rearrange the sanitation system in the City, by developing a wastewater treatment plan at the Surabaya Government Office.

Also proposed is the improving of public campaigns for communities, offices, schools and businesses which produce wastewater, for improved environmental management, in order to stop water pollution. This will be done in cooperation with NGOs and Universities.

The medium-term development aim of the Surabaya Mid-Term Development Plan was to improve the environment, including the water quality. Some cautionary plans are already set to improve water/air quality, such as the Kalimas River Revitalization plan.

Surabaya lies on the northeast coast of Java, on a broad plain where two rivers flow into the Straits of Madura and the Java Sea. Lying near the equator, it has heavy rainfall during the rainy season; its rivers flow only slowly to the sea, and today have become heavily polluted due to an inadequate sewerage system. Rapid population growth and industrial development have placed a heavy demand on the city’s infrastructure. Traffic is very heavy and often moves only slowly. Both natural increase and immigration have swelled the population, often with inadequate housing and water and sanitation services. This means there is much direct discharge of wastes into the river and the drainage canals, leading to extensive pollution.

As the sewerage development plan lags behind the growth of the city largely due to construction costs, it is not developed in sub districts, and does not serve the slum areas. There has been some development of educational programs both through the schools and in community organizations, but these can be expanded to mobilize people to help keep the rivers clean.

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2. The Propoesed Action Plan

The plan involves a combination of facility construction and community mobilization. The overall master development plan, SDDP, will be reviewed. Work will be done to encourage major office buildings to construct their own waste water treatment facilities so the water they discharge will be clean. In addition, bio filters will be constructed in certain sub districts that now lack sewage facilities. A waste water recycle treatment plant for grey water will be built in certain sub districts.

To mobilize the community, an environmental education program will be developed for teachers in Junior and Senior High Schools, and for community organizations. School competitions will also be organized to raise awareness. Finally, water samples will be taken from the river and the results will be publicized to the city residents.

Goal:

Reduce domestic waste water that can pollute the environment.

Key Steps:

1. Make a report to the Supervisor as a major result of the Workshop, best practices and experiences from other cites.
2. Cooperate with Other Departments, the university and NGOs to consult and implement the Action Plan. 
3. Build a wastewater treatment plant in major office buildings.
4. Build a Bio filter in some Sub district areas of Surabaya.
5. Build a waste water recycle treatment plant for grey/ domestic water in some sub district areas of Surabaya.
6. Environmental Education for Teachers, Junior High Schools, Senior High Schools, Communities and Entrepreneurs.
7. Review Surabaya Sewerage Development Program Master plan (SSDP). 
8. Take samples from Surabaya River to control raw water for Water Treatment Plant.
9. Increase human resources.
10. Arrange data base and Status Report of Environment.
11. Organize competition for Schools to raise awareness of the environmental issues.
12. Monitor and evaluate.

Time Frame: 3rd Quarter 2007- 4th Quarter 2009